This handbook collects the essential formulas, key facts, and classifications from every chapter of the Class 11 Physics NCERT syllabus (2023-rationalised edition) in one place. Not every chapter is numeric — where a chapter is conceptual rather than formula-based, this handbook lists its key classifiable facts and tables instead, so the structure stays consistent across the whole book. This handbook is a living document — more chapters will be appended here as they are published, so bookmark this page and check back as you progress through the syllabus.
Physical World (Legacy Chapter, Removed from 2026-27 Syllabus)
Note: “Physical World” has been removed from the CBSE/NCERT 2026-27 (NCF-SE 2023) syllabus. “Units and Measurements” is now Chapter 1. The content below is retained for reference only.
This chapter has no numerical formulas — it is conceptual. The equivalent “key facts” for quick revision are below.
- Four fundamental forces (strongest to weakest): Strong Nuclear > Electromagnetic > Weak Nuclear > Gravitational.
- Relative strengths (Strong=1): Electromagnetic ≈10-2; Weak ≈10-13; Gravitational ≈10-39.
- Range of each force: Gravitational — infinite; Electromagnetic — infinite; Weak nuclear — very short (≈10-18 m); Strong nuclear — short (≈10-15 m).
- What each force acts on: Gravitational — all masses; Electromagnetic — all charged particles; Weak — certain elementary particles (beta decay); Strong — nucleons.
- Unification chain: Electricity+Magnetism → Electromagnetic force; Electromagnetic+Weak → Electroweak force; Electroweak+Strong (proposed) → GUT; all four (proposed) → Theory of Everything.
- Conservation laws and symmetry: Energy ↔ time-translation symmetry; Linear momentum ↔ space-translation symmetry; Angular momentum ↔ rotational symmetry.
- Classification: Macroscopic (bulk matter) vs Microscopic (atoms, nuclei, particles).
- Classical physics branches: Mechanics, Electrodynamics, Optics, Thermodynamics.
- Modern physics branches: Quantum Mechanics, Theory of Relativity.
- Scientific method sequence: Observation → Hypothesis → Mathematical model → Prediction → Experimental verification/falsification.
Related NCERT Content for Physical World (Legacy)
- NCERT Solutions for Physical World
- Extra Questions (HOTS) for Physical World
- Revision Notes for Physical World
- Class 11 Physics NCERT Book (Download PDF)
Chapter 1: Units and Measurements
- SI base units (7): metre, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, mole, candela.
- Significant figures — multiplication/division: result keeps as many s.f. as the operand with the FEWEST s.f.
- Significant figures — addition/subtraction: result keeps as many decimal places as the operand with the FEWEST decimal places.
- Absolute error: Δai = |amean − ai|; Percentage error = (mean absolute error / mean value) × 100.
- Error combination (sum/difference): Z = A ± B ⇒ ΔZ = ΔA + ΔB.
- Error combination (product/quotient): Z = AB or A/B ⇒ ΔZ/Z = ΔA/A + ΔB/B.
- Error combination (power): Z = An ⇒ ΔZ/Z = n(ΔA/A).
- Common dimensional formulas: Force [MLT-2]; Energy/Work [ML²T-2]; Pressure [ML-1T-2]; Power [ML²T-3]; Momentum [MLT-1].
- Gravitational constant G = 6.67 × 10-11 N m² kg-2 = [M-1L³T-2].
- Parsec: 1 pc ≈ 3.086 × 1016 m ≈ 3.26 light-years. Light year ≈ 9.46 × 1015 m.
- Screw gauge least count = pitch / circular scale divisions. Vernier caliper least count = 1 MSD − 1 VSD.
Related NCERT Content for Class 11 Physics Chapter 1
- NCERT Solutions for Units and Measurements
- Extra Questions (HOTS) for Units and Measurements
- Revision Notes for Units and Measurements
- Class 11 Physics NCERT Book (Download PDF)
Chapter 2: Motion in a Straight Line
- v=u+at; x=ut+½at²; v²=u²+2ax.
- Relative velocity: vAB=vA−vB.
Related NCERT Content for Class 11 Physics Chapter 2
- NCERT Solutions for Motion in a Straight Line
- Extra Questions (HOTS) for Motion in a Straight Line
- Revision Notes for Motion in a Straight Line
- Class 11 Physics NCERT Book (Download PDF)
Chapter 3: Motion in a Plane
- Projectile: T=2u sinθ/g; H=u²sin²θ/2g; R=u²sin2θ/g.
- Centripetal acceleration ac=v²/r.
Related NCERT Content for Class 11 Physics Chapter 3
- NCERT Solutions for Motion in a Plane
- Extra Questions (HOTS) for Motion in a Plane
- Revision Notes for Motion in a Plane
- Class 11 Physics NCERT Book (Download PDF)
Chapter 4: Laws of Motion
- F=ma; p=mv.
- Friction: fs(max)=μsN; fk=μkN.
Related NCERT Content for Class 11 Physics Chapter 4
- NCERT Solutions for Laws of Motion
- Extra Questions (HOTS) for Laws of Motion
- Revision Notes for Laws of Motion
- Class 11 Physics NCERT Book (Download PDF)
Chapter 5: Work, Energy and Power
- W=Fd cosθ; KE=½mv²; PE=mgh.
- Power P=W/t=F·v.
Related NCERT Content for Class 11 Physics Chapter 5
- NCERT Solutions for Work, Energy and Power
- Extra Questions (HOTS) for Work, Energy and Power
- Revision Notes for Work, Energy and Power
- Class 11 Physics NCERT Book (Download PDF)
Chapter 6: System of Particles and Rotational Motion
- τ=r×F; L=Iω.
- I: sphere=(2/5)MR², cylinder=(1/2)MR², rod(centre)=(1/12)ML².
Related NCERT Content for Class 11 Physics Chapter 6
- NCERT Solutions for System of Particles and Rotational Motion
- Extra Questions (HOTS) for System of Particles and Rotational Motion
- Revision Notes for System of Particles and Rotational Motion
- Class 11 Physics NCERT Book (Download PDF)
Chapter 7: Gravitation
- F=Gm1m2/r²; g=GM/R².
- ve=√(2gR); vo=√(GM/r); Kepler 3rd: T²∝r³.
Related NCERT Content for Class 11 Physics Chapter 7
- NCERT Solutions for Gravitation
- Extra Questions (HOTS) for Gravitation
- Revision Notes for Gravitation
- Class 11 Physics NCERT Book (Download PDF)
Chapter 8: Mechanical Properties of Solids
- Y=(F/A)/(ΔL/L); K=−ΔP/(ΔV/V).
Related NCERT Content for Class 11 Physics Chapter 8
- NCERT Solutions for Mechanical Properties of Solids
- Extra Questions (HOTS) for Mechanical Properties of Solids
- Revision Notes for Mechanical Properties of Solids
- Class 11 Physics NCERT Book (Download PDF)
Chapter 9: Mechanical Properties of Fluids
- P=P0+ρgh; A1v1=A2v2.
- Bernoulli: P+½ρv²+ρgh=constant.
Related NCERT Content for Class 11 Physics Chapter 9
- NCERT Solutions for Mechanical Properties of Fluids
- Extra Questions (HOTS) for Mechanical Properties of Fluids
- Revision Notes for Mechanical Properties of Fluids
- Class 11 Physics NCERT Book (Download PDF)
Chapter 10: Thermal Properties of Matter
- ΔL=LαΔT; Q=mcΔT; Q=mL.
Related NCERT Content for Class 11 Physics Chapter 10
- NCERT Solutions for Thermal Properties of Matter
- Extra Questions (HOTS) for Thermal Properties of Matter
- Revision Notes for Thermal Properties of Matter
- Class 11 Physics NCERT Book (Download PDF)
Chapter 11: Thermodynamics
- ΔQ=ΔU+ΔW; η=1−Q2/Q1; Carnot η=1−T2/T1.
Related NCERT Content for Class 11 Physics Chapter 11
- NCERT Solutions for Thermodynamics
- Extra Questions (HOTS) for Thermodynamics
- Revision Notes for Thermodynamics
- Class 11 Physics NCERT Book (Download PDF)
Chapter 12: Kinetic Theory
- PV=nRT; Avg KE=(3/2)kBT.
Related NCERT Content for Class 11 Physics Chapter 12
- NCERT Solutions for Kinetic Theory
- Extra Questions (HOTS) for Kinetic Theory
- Revision Notes for Kinetic Theory
- Class 11 Physics NCERT Book (Download PDF)
Chapter 13: Oscillations
- a=−ω²x; Tpendulum=2π√(l/g); Tspring=2π√(m/k).
Related NCERT Content for Class 11 Physics Chapter 13
- NCERT Solutions for Oscillations
- Extra Questions (HOTS) for Oscillations
- Revision Notes for Oscillations
- Class 11 Physics NCERT Book (Download PDF)
Chapter 14: Waves
- v=fλ; vstring=√(T/μ); fbeat=|f1−f2|.
Related NCERT Content for Class 11 Physics Chapter 14
- NCERT Solutions for Waves
- Extra Questions (HOTS) for Waves
- Revision Notes for Waves
- Class 11 Physics NCERT Book (Download PDF)
