NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 3: Tissues in Action – Free PDF Download

Chapter 3 of Class 9 Science Exploration is Tissues in Action. Building on the cell chapter, it looks at how similar cells group together into tissues, covering both plant tissues and the four animal tissue types, before connecting this to the musculoskeletal system. These Class 9 Science Chapter 3 solutions are also useful as quick revision notes before exams.

Plant Tissues

Plant tissues are of two broad kinds:

• Meristematic tissue — cells that actively and continuously divide, responsible for growth (found at root tips, shoot tips, and in the cambium).
• Permanent tissue — cells that have stopped dividing and become specialised for a fixed function, such as transport (xylem, phloem), protection (epidermis), or support.

Animal Tissues

Animal bodies are built from four basic tissue types:

• Epithelial tissue — covers body surfaces and lines organs/cavities; functions in protection, absorption, and secretion.
• Connective tissue — connects and supports other tissues (e.g. bone, cartilage, blood, tendons, ligaments).
• Muscular tissue — enables movement through contraction (skeletal, smooth, cardiac muscle).
• Nervous tissue — transmits electrical signals for coordination and control (neurons).

The Musculoskeletal System

The musculoskeletal system combines bones, muscles, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments to provide the body’s structure, protect internal organs, and enable movement. Tendons connect muscle to bone; ligaments connect bone to bone.

Types of Joints

Joints are where two or more bones meet, classified by the movement they allow — e.g. ball-and-socket joints (shoulder, hip) allow movement in many directions; hinge joints (elbow, knee) allow back-and-forth movement in one plane; pivot joints (neck) allow rotation; and fixed/fibrous joints (skull) allow no movement.

Nutrition, Exercise, and Musculoskeletal Health

A balanced diet (adequate protein, calcium, and vitamin D) along with regular exercise keeps bones and muscles strong and healthy, reducing the risk of conditions like weak bones or muscle loss over time.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between meristematic and permanent plant tissue?
Meristematic tissue consists of actively dividing cells responsible for growth, while permanent tissue consists of cells that have stopped dividing and become specialised for a fixed function.

Name the four types of animal tissue.
Epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissue.

What is the difference between a tendon and a ligament?
A tendon connects muscle to bone, while a ligament connects bone to bone.

Written by Satish

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